Cataracts are a prevalent eye disorder impacting numerous individuals globally. Cataracts occur when the natural lens in the eye becomes clouded, impairing vision. Although primarily an age-related issue, cataracts may develop in younger people as well.

Clear vision relies on the eye’s lens, which focuses light onto the retina. When a cataract forms, the lens becomes opaque, preventing light from passing through clearly. Common symptoms include blurry vision, poor night vision, sensitivity to bright light, and dull color perception.

Several factors contribute to the development of cataracts, with aging being the most significant. Other causes include diabetes, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light, smoking, and certain medications. Genetics and prior trauma to the eyes are other factors linked to a higher chance of cataract development.

Cataracts are typically diagnosed during a thorough eye evaluation by a medical professional. These exams may involve assessing vision clarity, inspecting the lens with specialized tools, and evaluating the retina by dilating the pupils. Detecting cataracts early enables better management and reduces the risk of significant vision problems.

The severity of cataracts determines the available treatment options. In the early stages, stronger eyeglasses or better lighting may help improve vision. Surgery remains the definitive treatment for cataracts that significantly affect vision. During cataract surgery, the clouded lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens.

In conclusion, cataracts are a treatable condition that can greatly impact vision and quality of life. By recognizing the symptoms and seeking timely treatment, individuals can preserve their vision and quality of life.