Cataracts are a common eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Cataracts occur when the natural lens in the eye becomes clouded, impairing vision. Although primarily an age-related issue, cataracts may develop in younger people as well.

Clear vision relies on the eye’s lens, which focuses light onto the retina. Cataracts form when the lens becomes clouded, obstructing the passage of light. This results in symptoms such as blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, and enquiry faded color perception.

Aging is the primary factor contributing to cataract development, though other causes exist. Other causes include diabetes, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light, smoking, and certain medications. Genetics and prior trauma to the eyes are other factors linked to a higher chance of cataract development.

Cataracts are typically diagnosed during a thorough eye evaluation by a medical professional. The examination often includes tests for vision sharpness, lens inspection using a slit lamp, and retinal evaluation after pupil dilation. Timely diagnosis helps in controlling symptoms and avoiding severe vision impairment.

Treatment varies based on how advanced the cataracts are. Enhanced eyewear and lighting adjustments may suffice in the initial stages. For severe cases, surgical removal of the cataract is the best solution. The procedure involves replacing the cloudy lens with an artificial one to restore vision.

Cataracts, though common, are manageable and can significantly affect daily living if left untreated. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments can help individuals take proactive steps to maintain eye health.